XQL macros

XQL macros are reusable XQL code snippets stored in the Macro Library that enable modular query design. Unlike full saved queries which are complete and executable queries, macros are code fragments designed to be inserted into other queries at specific points in the pipeline. The macro pre-processor resolves all macro calls by performing text substitution before the query is compiled and executed.

A query is a complete piece of code that you wrote for a specific dataset which is kept in the library for future use. A macro is a series of functions or queries that are dataset-agnostic, and can be used instead of writing out a long query. Macros are used to simplify complex queries by breaking them down into smaller, reusable components.

Syntax

call_macro "<macro_name>"

With parameters:

call_macro "<macro_name>" param1=value1, param2=value2

Parameters

Name	Type	Required	Description
macro_name	string	Yes	The name of the macro as saved in the Macro Library. Must be enclosed in double quotes.
param	key=value	No	One or more parameters to pass to the macro. Parameters are substituted into the macro definition where ${param} placeholders appear. Multiple parameters are separated by commas.

Returns

The call_macro statement is replaced by the macro's definition text after parameter substitution. The resulting expanded query is then compiled and executed as a single query.

How macros work

The macro resolution process follows these steps:

1. The XQL pre-processor scans the query for call_macro statements.
2. For each call_macro, it retrieves the macro definition from the Macro Library.
3. Parameter values are substituted into ${param} placeholders in the macro definition.
4. The macro call is replaced with the expanded text.
5. If the expanded text contains additional call_macro statements (nested macros), steps 2–4 repeat.
6. The fully expanded query is compiled and executed.

Usage notes

• Macros support dynamic parameters using ${variable_name} syntax in the macro definition.
• Macros can call other macros (nested macros). The pre-processor resolves all nested calls recursively. However, you can't create macros that reference each other in a circular chain. For example you can't have macro A that calls macro B, which in turn calls macro A.
• You can have 10 call_macro stages in a single query. Each query can have 3 nested macros. In total there can be 30 macros in a single query.
• A macro cannot call a full saved query. Use the call stage to execute full saved queries.
• A macro definition cannot begin with a dataset or datamodel statement. Macros are code fragments, not complete queries.
• There's no syntax validation for macros, so be careful when you build them.
• Macros are available in one-time queries, scheduled queries, widgets, dashboards, reports, and scheduled correlations.
• Macros are managed through the Macro Library with the same RBAC/SBAC access controls as saved queries.
• The Query History, Active Queries and Scheduled Queries views display the original query text with call_macro statements. The Query Builder displays the fully expanded (substituted) query.
• You can use macros across stages.
• You can use APIs to run a query that includes a macro, which will be expanded in runtime.

Macros vs. saved queries

Feature	Macros (call_macro)	Saved Queries (call)
Purpose	Reusable code snippets for modular logic	Complete, executable queries
Position in pipeline	Anywhere in the pipeline	Must be the starting point of a query
Execution	Text substitution before compilation	Executes as a separate query call
Can contain dataset/datamodel	No	Yes
Can call macros	Yes	Yes
Can call saved queries	No	Yes (via call)
Location in UI	Macro Library	Query Library

Macro display in different views

View	Display behavior
Query Builder Editor	Hover over a call_macro statement to see the macro definition in an inline overlay. Click to expand and replace the macro call with the literal code (undo supported).
Query History	Shows the fully expanded query that was executed (all macros substituted).
Active Queries	Shows the original query text with call_macro statements (pre-substitution).
Scheduled Queries	Shows the original query text with call_macro statements (pre-substitution).

Examples

Example 1: Basic macro usage

Goal: Use a macro to filter and select specific fields from network data.

Assume a macro named network_filter is saved in the Macro Library with the following definition:

filter action_country != "US" | fields agent_hostname, action_country, action_remote_ip

XQL code:

dataset = xdr_data
| call_macro "network_filter"

Explanation: The pre-processor replaces call_macro "network_filter" with the macro definition. The expanded query becomes:

dataset = xdr_data
| filter action_country != "US" | fields agent_hostname, action_country, action_remote_ip

Output:

AGENT_HOSTNAME	ACTION_COUNTRY	ACTION_REMOTE_IP
server-01	DE	203.0.113.5
workstation-12	JP	198.51.100.22

Example 2: Macro with parameters

Goal: Use a macro with dynamic parameters to create a reusable field transformation.

Assume a macro named classify_severity is saved with the following definition:

alter severity_label = if(${field} < 3, "Low", if(${field} < 7, "Medium", "High"))

XQL code:

dataset = xdr_data
| call_macro "classify_severity" field=action_severity
| fields event_id, action_severity, severity_label

Explanation: The parameter field is substituted with action_severity. The expanded query becomes:

dataset = xdr_data
| alter severity_label = if(action_severity < 3, "Low", if(action_severity < 7, "Medium", "High"))
| fields event_id, action_severity, severity_label

Output:

EVENT_ID	ACTION_SEVERITY	SEVERITY_LABEL
evt-001	2	Low
evt-002	5	Medium
evt-003	9	High

Example 3: Nested macros

Goal: Demonstrate a macro that calls another macro.

Assume two macros are saved:

Macro extract_domain definition:

alter domain = arrayindex(split(${field}, "@"), 1)

Macro email_analysis definition:

call_macro "extract_domain" field=${email_field}
| comp count() as email_count by domain
| sort desc email_count

XQL code:

dataset = xdr_data
| call_macro "email_analysis" email_field=sender_address
| limit 10

Explanation: The pre-processor first expands email_analysis, substituting ${email_field} with sender_address. The intermediate result contains call_macro "extract_domain" field=sender_address, which is then expanded. The final query becomes:

dataset = xdr_data
| alter domain = arrayindex(split(sender_address, "@"), 1)
| comp count() as email_count by domain
| sort desc email_count
| limit 10

Output:

DOMAIN	EMAIL_COUNT
example.com	1,245
corp.net	892
external.org	456

Example 4: Macro called from a saved query

Goal: Show how a saved full query can include macro calls.

Assume a saved query named daily_threat_report contains:

dataset = xdr_data
| filter event_type = ENUM.EVENT_TYPE.NETWORK
| call_macro "classify_severity" field=action_severity
| call_macro "network_filter"
| comp count() as threat_count by severity_label, action_country
| sort desc threat_count

XQL code:

call "daily_threat_report"

Explanation: The call stage executes the saved query. During execution, the pre-processor expands both call_macro statements within the saved query before compilation.

Output:

SEVERITY_LABEL	ACTION_COUNTRY	THREAT_COUNT
High	CN	342
Medium	RU	218
Low	DE	156

Related articles

• Stages: The call stage, the filter stage, the alter stage, the fields stage