> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://cortex-docs.paloaltonetworks.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://cortex-docs.paloaltonetworks.com/gateway-guide/users-and-roles-in-cortex.md).

# Users and roles in Cortex

Cortex uses role-based access control (RBAC) to manage roles with specific permissions for controlling user access. RBAC helps manage access to components, so that users, based on their roles, are granted the minimal access required to accomplish their tasks.

You can create or configure roles, users, and user groups in Cortex Gateway, the tenant, or both. For example, create a **Manager** role in Cortex Gateway, which enables you to maintain the **Manager** role in a central place with the same level of access for all tenants. If you are using SSO, you create a user group in the Cortex tenant that includes the **Manager** role, assign tenant users to this group, and map the user group to your SAML group.

{% hint style="info" %}

### Note

All users must have at least one role or belong to at least one user group to be saved in the Cortex Gateway.
{% endhint %}

Cortex Gateway and the tenant have different options and requirements.

| Location       | Details                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| -------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Cortex Gateway | <p>A centralized portal for managing roles, user groups, and users for all tenants. Any roles and user groups created in Cortex Gateway are available for all tenants.</p><p>Only users with the Account Admin role can manage roles, tenants, and user groups in Cortex Gateway.</p>                                                                                                                                                         |
| Cortex tenant  | <p>(Recommended) All permissions and roles are specific to the tenant and exist only at the tenant level. Advanced settings such as default dashboards, queries, and shift management can only be defined per role at the tenant level. Only user groups created on the tenant can be mapped to SAML groups when using SAML SSO.</p><p>You need the Account Admin or Instance Administrator role to manage roles, users, and user groups.</p> |

#### Roles

Roles enable you to define permissions for specific components, such as incident data, playbooks, scripts, and jobs. For example, you can create a role that allows users to edit the properties of incidents, but not delete incidents. You can create new roles or customize out-of-the-box roles.

If you assign one or more roles to an incident, only users with those roles can view and interact with the incident. For example, you might have an incident with sensitive data that should only be accessible to Tier-1 analysts and managers.

Roles can also be used to define permissions for integration commands. On the Integration Permissions page, you can assign roles to specific integration instances (all commands for that instance) or specific integration instance commands. For example, you could assign the Generic Export Indicators Service integration instance the Account Admin role, or you could restrict certain commands in the Core Rest API to a specific role. For more information, see Integration Permissions.

#### User groups

While roles can be assigned directly to users, we recommend instead creating user groups. Each user group has a single role associated with it, but each user group can contain multiple users, and user groups can be nested within each other, enabling you to further refine your RBAC requirements. Users can belong to multiple user groups.

#### Nested roles

Cortex uses group nesting, where the group with higher permissions includes the permissions of the group with lower permissions, but as a subset of the group with lower permissions. For example, the Admin user group is included as a subset of the Analyst user group, as shown in the following graphic. The Admin role includes the permissions of the Analyst role.

![nested-roles.png](/files/rELUnBQ202DNcU0Fwjdz)

For example, Content Developer and Analyst user groups include Employee user group permissions, and are nested in the Employee user group.

#### Authentication

You can create users in the Customer Support Portal or by using SAML Single Sign-On (SSO) in the tenant. After you create users, they authenticate by doing the following:

* Authenticate through the Customer Support Portal
* Authenticate by using SAML Single Sign-On (SSO) in the Cortex tenant

#### Manage users

In Cortex Gateway, you can manage users who have been created in the Customer Support Portal or view users who have been created using SSO. In the Cortex tenant, you can manage both sets of users.

By default, users do not have roles assigned and do not automatically have access to tenant data until you assign them a role or add them as members of a user group that has an assigned role.


---

# Agent Instructions
This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com.

## Querying This Documentation
If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question.

Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter, and the optional `goal` query parameter:

```
GET https://cortex-docs.paloaltonetworks.com/gateway-guide/users-and-roles-in-cortex.md?ask=<question>&goal=<endgoal>
```

`ask` is the immediate question: it should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language.
`goal` is optional and describes the broader end goal you are ultimately trying to accomplish on behalf of the user. GitBook uses it to tailor the answer towards what is most useful for that goal.

The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation.

Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.
